Conventional and Simulated Vision Screening Among Students of Public Junior Secondary School in Osogbo Southwest Nigeria-A Comparative Study

Adedolapo Olaopa; Caroline Olufunlayo Adeoti; Benedictus Gboyega Ajayi; Abiodun Adeomi; Michaeline Asuquo Isawumi

Authors

Adedolapo Olaopa Osun State University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo
Caroline Olufunlayo Adeoti
Benedictus Gboyega Ajayi
Abiodun Adeomi
Michaeline Asuquo Isawumi

Keywords:

conventional, simulated, visual acuity, colour vision, validity

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate an innovative application using comparative vision screening tools in secondary students in Osogbo, Nigeria.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 496 secondary school students. A web application with the capacity of assessing visual acuity and colour vision was developed denovo and used for simulation. The simulated
approach was based on a programme designed to run on a computer. Conventional visual acuity (VA) testing was performed using Snellen chart and was taken as the line completed and read correctly. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) of the simulated method in comparison with the conventional approach were determined. Kappa statistics was used to assess the level of agreement between the two approaches.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 11.79 ± 1.50 years with a male:female ratio of 1.4:1. The prevalence of abnormal VA in the study participants was 7.9%. There was substantial agreement between the two approaches for the
right eye VA measurements (Kappa = 0.773; p < 0.001). There was also substantial agreement between the two approaches for colour vision measurement in the right eye (Kappa = 0.764; p < 0.001). The simulated approach had a sensitivity of 98.5%, specificity 90.9%, PPV 99.34% and NPV of 81.08% for VA measurements. It had a sensitivity of 97.86%, specificity 92.86%, PPV 99.57% and NPV of 72.22% for colour vision.

Conclusion: The conventional and simulated approaches have a significant level of agreement in the test results for both visual acuity and colour vision.

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