Initial Outcome of Intravitreal Anti Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Anti-Vegf) at National Eye Centre (NEC), Kaduna

Vitreo-Retina

Abstract

Introduction: The advent of intravitreal anti vascular endothelial growth factors has changed the course of various retinal diseases.  Common indications include neovascular age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusions  (RVO), and retinopathy of prematurity.1-3Commonly used anti VEGFs include Bevacizumab (Avastin)R , Ranibizumab (Lucentis)R and  most recently Aflibercept (Eylea)R . 4The aim of the study was to determine the indications and preliminary outcome (functional and  structural) of intravitreal Anti – VEGF at National Eye Centre, Kaduna.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients who received intravitreal anti – VEGF for various retinal conditions from June 2013 –  2016.Patient’s biodata, diagnosis, co-morbid factor, type of Anti - VEGF, pre and post injection visual acuity, pre and post injection  central foveal thickness (CFT). Patients were counselled and informed consent obtained. The eye prepared in the clinic and strict asepsis in theatre under topical anaesthesia (Tetracain by Alcon). A caliper was used at 4mm and 3.5mm from the limbus for phakic  and psuedophakic eyes, respectively. Ranibizumab (0.5mg) and bevacizumab (1.25mg) were given in 0.1ml 30 or 32-gauge needle.  Tamponade was achieved using sterile cotton buds at the injection site and eye padded. After an hour, the visual acuity and intraocular  pressure (IOP) were measured and managed accordingly. Topical antibiotics and NSAIDs were given. Advised to come  back when pain or reduced vision was noticed.