Public Health Aspects of Ocular and Adnexal Trauma
Keywords:
public health, prevention, eye protective devices, eye injuries, Ocular and adnexal traumaAbstract
Purpose: Ocular and adnexal injury is a common but neglected problem, it is one of the main causes of uni-ocular blindness. The purpose of this article is to review the public health aspects of ocular and adnexal trauma with respect to epidemiology, knowledge ap, and future research direction, and to highlight preventive and promotive activities necessary to address this disease of public health importance.
Methods: Online literature search for publications on Ocular and Adnexal injury, ocular trauma, and Public health facets of ocular injury was done. Databases such as Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane database for eyes, and African Journals Online (AJOL) were searched. Search terms included “public health”, “ocular injury” and “prevention” with appropriate use of Boolean operators.
Results: There are no recent global estimates on the prevalence of ocular and adnexa injury. Prevalence ranges from 8 to 1,140 per 100,000 persons across national and geographical regions, with a male preponderance and bimodal age distribution of 18-44years and the elderly age 60 years and above. Occupational, home, domestic, road traffic accidents and assaults were common causes of eye injuries. Trauma causes a variable extent of damage to ocular structures, with the final visual outcome dependent on the structures injured and promptness and quality of treatment given. Both ocular trauma and post-traumatic blindness are preventable using appropriate preventive measures such as health promotion, education, public health policy, legislation and advocacy.
Conclusion: Ocular and adnexal trauma is a public health disease, and the primary focus should be on prevention as well as immediate and appropriate intervention to injured persons.
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