The Survey of Eye Patients’ Haematology Parameters for Possible Biomarkers of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in Gwagwalada, Nigeria

Abdulkabir Ayanniyi; Abdulraheem Mahmoud; Olamide John-Sam; Theresa Otu; Rauf Rauf; Jessica Oviasu

Authors

Abdulkabir Ayanniyi University of Abuja and University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja
Abdulraheem Mahmoud Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Olamide John-Sam Department of Ophthalmology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
Theresa Otu Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
Rauf Rauf Department of Statistics, University of Abuja, PMB 117, Abuja, Nigeria
Jessica Oviasu University Health Services, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.

Keywords:

Gwagwalada, haematology biomarkers, primary open angle glaucoma

Abstract

Purpose: To determine and compare haematology parameters of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) with non-glaucoma eye patients with a view towards identifying possible biomarkers for POAG.

Methods: Blood samples of 235 adult eye patients (96 POAG and 135 non-glaucoma) were collected and analysed. The mean values of the haematological indices (full blood count with differentials, ABO blood group and haemoglobin
[Hb] phenotypes) for each of the groups were determined and compared using STATA 15.

Results: There were higher mean values in POAG group compared with the non-glaucoma eye patients (NGEP) for some blood differentials such as the monocytes percentage (POAG-11.29% versus NGEP-9.10%, p=0.012); monocytes number
(POAG-0.50x10^3/µL versus NGEP-0.39x10^3/µL, p=0.034); red blood cell distribution width standard deviation (RDW-SD) (POAG-48.81fL versus NGEP46.27fL, p=0.033); haematocrit (POAG-43.66% versus NGEP-41.81%, p=0.014). Inversely, the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in the POAG group was 29.81g/dL compared with 30.50g/dL in
NGEP(p=0.012). There were no significant differences in the mean values of other differentials. The more common ABO blood groups were: O+ (50.21%), A+ (21.28%) and B+ (19.58%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of the blood groups among POAG patients compared with NGEP. The three identified Hb phenotypes were: AA (84.7%), AS (10.2%) and AC (5.1%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of Hb pheonotypes in both groups.

Conclusion: The monocyte values, RDW-SD, haematocrit and MCHC were associated with POAG. The blood group and haemoglobin phenotypes were not associated with POAG.

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