Ocular Complications of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: Management Challenges Following Cyst Sclerotherapy
Abstract
Stevens - Johnson syndrome (SVJ)1 is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction characterized by severe generalized erythematous eruptions of skin and mucous membranes including ocular surface following exposure to antigenic substances. Common ocular complications include corneal conjunctivalization, conjunctival cicatrization, dry eye, symblepharon, trichiasis and ectropion2,3. Earlier studies reported rare cyst formation4,5 and successful cyst sclerotherapy6,7 . We report another case of SVJ characterized by unusually large pressure exerting palpebral conjunctiva cyst resulting in both functional and cosmetic disturbance with vision-threatening ocular surface burns following 3% Sodium tetradecyl sulphate injection sclerotherapy.
References
Stevens AM, Johnson FC. A new eruptive fever associated with stomatitis and ophthalmia. Am J Dis Child 1922; 24:526–533. 50
Dohlman CH, Doughman DJ. The Stevens–Johnson syndrome. Trans New Orleans AcadOphthalmol 1972;24: 236–52. 55
Arstikaitis MJ. Ocular aftermath of Stevens– Johnson syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol 1973; 90: 376–379.
Desai VN, Shields CL, Shields JA. Orbital cyst in a patient with Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Cornea. 1992 Nov; 11(6):592-594.
Gurdeep Singh, Revathi Rajaraman, Anita Raghavan, Manikandan Palanisamy. Bilateralconjunctival cysts in the aftermath of Stevens –
Johnson Syndrome. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2008 Jan-Feb; 56(1): 70–72.
Dave T, Taneja S, Tiple S, Basu S, Naik MN Conjunctival Retention Cysts: Outcomes of Aspiration and Sclerotherapy With Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate Ophthalmic PlastReconstr Surg. 2019 Mar/Apr;35(2):165-169.
Naik MN, Batra J, Nair AG, Ali MJ, KalikiS, Mishra DK. Foam sclerotherapy for periorbital dermoid cysts. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr
Surg. 2014 May-Jun; 30(3): 267-270.
S. Kawasaki, K. Nishida, C. Sotozono, A. Quantock, S. Kinoshita. Conjunctival inflammation in the chronic phase of StevensJohnson syndrome. Br J Ophthalmol. 2000 Oct; 84(10): 1191–1193
